• Expression and translocation of GLUT are regulated by variou

  2022-03-09

  

  Expression and translocation of GLUT4 are regulated by various mechanisms including protein kinase C isoforms (PKCs) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signals [22], [23], but the real mechanism that statins alter expression and function of GLUT4 has not been fully identified. It is general

• A high fat maternal diet

  2022-03-09

  

  A high-fat maternal diet during the pregestation period and extending throughout gestation (including the period of conception) has the propensity of affecting early embryonic development and placentation. Previous investigations have revealed that the preimplantation embryos are generally exposed t

• Apoptosis a form of programmed cell death is a critical

  2022-03-09

  

  Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is a critical component in maintaining homeostasis and growth in all tissues and plays a significant role in immunity and cytotoxicity [54,55]. Although GR are expressed in all immune cells, the physiological outcomes of GR activation are highly cell type-

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction High

  2022-03-09

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction High-intensity noise exposure has long been known to induce damage in the peripheral and central auditory system, often resulting in auditory pathologies such as hearing loss, tinnitus and hyperacusis (Syka, 2002; Roberts et al., 2010). Within the inner ear, struc

• As glucagon stimulated hepatic glucose production

  2022-03-09

  

  As glucagon-stimulated hepatic Zaragozic Acid A production is a key component of the normal response to hypoglycemia, the potential of a GCGr antagonist to delay or prevent recovery from a hypoglycemic state is a critical safety issue that must be addressed. Studies of the effects on time to recove

• br Secretase in inflammatory diseases Secretase appears to p

  2022-03-09

  

  γ-Secretase in inflammatory diseases γ-Secretase appears to play a more important role than previously recognized in inflammatory diseases. Studies have shown that mice partially deficient in PS genes (PS1+/− PS2−/−) develop an immune system deficit in late adulthood, such as ulcerated skin or a

• Ionotropic aminobutyric acid GABA receptors GABARs

  2022-03-09

  

  Ionotropic γ-aminobutyric 400 (GABA) receptors (GABARs) belong to the Cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel (LGIC) superfamily and play an important role in the rapid inhibitory synaptic transmission in nervous systems of both vertebrate and invertebrate (Buckingham et al., 2005). Insect ionotropic GAB

• We next determined the selectivity profile of

  2022-03-09

  

  We next determined the selectivity profile of the most potent GPR40 agonists (4k–n) against other free fatty glycine receptors receptors (FFA3/GPR41, FFA2/GPR43 and FFA4/GPR120). FFA2 and FFA3 agonists have a preference in binding short-chain fatty acids while FFA1 and FFA4 have a higher affinity t

• cp-690550 Compound and several additional FPR antagonists

  2022-03-09

  

  Compound 10 and several additional FPR1 antagonists identified here specifically blocked fMLF-induced responses mediated via FPR1 in FPR1-HL60 cp-690550 and human neutrophils, but not responses mediated via FPR2 or FPR3 (in human neutrophils and transfected HL60 cells) or Fpr1 (murine neutrophils an

• Free fatty acids FFAs which are obtained from dietary fat

  2022-03-09

  

  Free fatty acids (FFAs), which are obtained from dietary fat or endogenous synthesis, function as nutrients and signaling molecules. Studies have shown that free fatty Rosiglitazone receptors 1–4 which are G-protein coupled receptors, bind free fatty acids and serve as receptors for these FFAs. Sho

• H R antagonism can prevent seizure development and improve w

  2022-03-08

  

  H3R antagonism can prevent seizure development and improve working memory through the activation of histaminergic neurons (Huang et al., 2004, Zhang et al., 2003). In addition, we have recently found that H3R antagonism protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury via histamine-independent mechanism

• Several studies have indicated that PLD

  2022-03-08

  

  Several studies have indicated that PLD-regulated PA signaling intersects with Rho-mediated cytoskeletal remodeling to drive mesenchymal-like cellular features, and it is known that Rho signaling has the potential to induce YAP/TAZ nuclear activity. Accordingly, Han et al. (2018) provide evidence th

• br Conclusion Whilst acknowledging that forensic

  2022-03-08

  

  Conclusion Whilst acknowledging that forensic science critically needs strategic investment across every domain [27], forensic science needs to bring both ‘hedgehog’ and ‘fox’ approaches together to address the roots of the major challenges the discipline faces. Addressing these challenges in a w

• Not all metals are susceptible of being accumulated by insec

  2022-03-08

  

  Not all metals are susceptible of being accumulated by insects. Tissue concentrations of essential metals like Cu and Zn are regulated in many insects and hence cannot be used to biomonitor metal pollution (Hare, 1992). A similar behaviour could explain the observed stability of Zn and Cu relative t

• br Concluding remarks br Conflict of interest statement br R

  2022-03-08

  

  Concluding remarks Conflict of interest statement References and recommended reading Papers of particular interest, published within the period of review, have been highlighted as: Acknowledgements We thank all the present and former members in our laboratory for their contributions to

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