• The compounds described in this paper were prepared using a

  2022-07-12

  

  The compounds described in this paper were prepared using a modular approach that allowed diversification of R or R at the final step (). Route A involved amide coupling of -butyl 4-(methylamino)piperidine-1-carboxylate with phenyl acetic acids (step a) using 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-m

• br Discovery of GPR A The

  2022-07-12

  

  Discovery of GPR109A The murine niacin receptor, protein upregulated in macrophages by interferon-γ (PUMA-G), was identified as a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed in adipocytes and spleen [22], [23]. This finding suggested a role of this receptor in macrophage function [24]. In 2003, t

• br Endogenous lipids as SLC transporter modulators Lipids

  2022-07-11

  

  Endogenous lipids as SLC6 transporter modulators Lipids constitute part of the environment in which membrane-embedded transporters operate [62]. Endogenous lipids can act as inhibitory ligands [63] or functionally important components of the membrane that impart changes in transporter structure [

• Although both receptors mGluR and mGluR are present in corti

  2022-07-11

  

  Although both receptors, mGluR1 and mGluR5, are present in cortical and hippocampal areas from 1 to 2 weeks old neonates (López-Bendito et al., 2002) we have found that only mGluR1 was regulated after maternal l-Glu consumption. A possible explanation could be based on the different ontogenetic prof

• A high fat maternal diet during the pregestation

  2022-07-11

  

  A high-fat maternal diet during the pregestation period and extending throughout gestation (including the period of conception) has the propensity of affecting early embryonic development and placentation. Previous investigations have revealed that the preimplantation embryos are generally exposed t

• As our earlier study investigated glut mRNA

  2022-07-11

  

  As our earlier study investigated glut mRNA levels in response to a protein load contained in a meal and the studies that used glucose and insulin injections did not examine GLUT expression, this study sought to investigate the effects of hyperglycaemia and insulin on mRNA levels in the spiny dogfis

• br Sodium glucose co transporter inhibitors

  2022-07-11

  

  Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are the latest class of non-insulin glucose-lowering agents that facilitate glycaemic control by inhibiting renal glucose reabsorption, thus promoting glycosuria. Canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin are the three commonly used agents

• Apoptosis a form of programmed

  2022-07-11

  

  Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is a critical component in maintaining homeostasis and growth in all tissues and plays a significant role in immunity and cytotoxicity [54,55]. Although GR are expressed in all immune cells, the physiological outcomes of GR activation are highly cell type-

• Acknowledgments br Introduction Type diabetes mellitus T

  2022-07-11

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is caused by relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. The clinical management of T2DM is achieved by controlling blood glucose levels. Current therapies available for treatment of T2DM include biguanides

• The ghrelin receptor is expressed in a

  2022-07-11

  

  The ghrelin receptor is expressed in a number of human malignancies including prostatic carcinoma cell lines [18,19] and tissues [20], breast carcinoma tumours and cell lines [21], testicular tumours [22], and malignant ovarian cysts and tumours [23]. In addition, it has an elevated level of express

• br Methods br Results br Discussion In this study

  2022-07-11

  

  Methods Results Discussion In this study, we investigated temperature effects on Vj-gating properties of two cardiac GJs. In the case of Cx45 GJs, increased temperature from 22 °C to 28 °C (or 32 °C) led to an accelerated Vj-dependent deactivation with little change in the extent of Vj-gati

• Human GS is a multi subunit complex

  2022-07-11

  

  Human GS is a multi-subunit complex consisting of four components: presenilin 1 (PS1), presenilin enhancer 2 (PEN-2), anterior pharynx-defective 1A (APH-1A) and nicastrin (NCT) (Fig. 1a) [5,6]. PS1 comprise nine transmembrane helices (TM 1–9) and contains the catalytic aspartate residues in its TM6

• In total strains with relatively rapid acid producing abilit

  2022-07-11

  

  In total, 5 strains with relatively rapid acid-producing ability (MA14, 15M2, DQHXNQ38–12, 5G2, and 6G5) were selected for further analysis. Compared with the strains ATCC19435, ZN8, and D-XJ4–12, which were used as controls, these 5 strains exhibited significantly different growth and titratable ac

• TCS 2002 Regarding IAV types of hemagglutinin and

  2022-07-11

  

  Regarding IAV, 18 types of hemagglutinin and 11 types of neuraminidase were described and none of the commercialized antiviral drugs are susceptible to protect against all strains that will emerge from the animal reservoir (Webby and Webster, 2003). The strong dependencies of influenza viruses on we

• Recently we indicated that cell motility

  2022-07-11

  

  Recently, we indicated that cell motility was regulated by the different induction of GPR120 and GPR40 in liver epithelial WB-F344 poly ic synthesis treated with chemical agents. The cell motility of WB-F344 cells was stimulated by phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) which is a

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