• The PAS domains of AHR consist of

  2024-04-01

  

  The PAS domains of AHR consist of two regions, PAS-A and PAS-B, which function as interfaces for dimerization with ARNT and for ligand binding, respectively [14]. Although both the bHLH and the PAS-A domains have been shown to be involved in dimerization with ARNT, a recent report suggests that only

• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs are abundant environme

  2024-04-01

  

  Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are abundant environmental contaminants that are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic matter, combustion engines, residential heating, Ethacrynic Acid burning, and industrial activities (Gelboin, 1980; Phillips, 1999, Phillips, 2002). Some PAHs ha

• The direction of glutamate transport

  2024-04-01

  

  The direction of glutamate transport by the cell membrane transporter is reversible. As mentioned above, glutamate transport is an electrogenic process associated with a transmembrane ion gradient established by the Na+-K+ pump through hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate. Under conditions of energy

• We now present a series of

  2024-04-01

  

  We now present a series of findings obtained in heterologous expression systems, brain slices, and living animals that suggest that any interaction between mGlu7 and α1-adrenergic receptors exists, is specific, and is physiologically and behaviourally relevant. Materials and methods Norepinephri

• Introduction hydroxytryptamine HT is found throughout the bo

  2024-04-01

  

  Introduction 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is found throughout the body and influences smooth muscle activity in various tissues including the intestine, vasculature and urinary Phleomycin (Kim and Camilleri, 2000, Klarskov and Horby-Petersen, 1986, Mohammad-Zadeh et al., 2008). The current classific

• Direct inhibition of LO activity by BRP is clearly

  2024-04-01

  

  Direct inhibition of 5-LO activity by BRP-187 is clearly evident in cell-free assays using PMNL homogenates and isolated human recombinant 5-LO as enzyme source. In such assays, pure FLAP inhibitors like MK886 are inactive [9], [10], [29], [44]. Wash-out experiments and studies using the nonionic de

• br Autophagy in the central nervous system The autophagic pr

  2024-04-01

  

  Autophagy in the central nervous system The autophagic process appears to be very important for the cells of the central nervous system, as it allows to maintain the functional integrity of the nervous tissue. Indeed macroautophagy is involved in the regulation of homeostasis of the CNS, playing

• Introduction The first use of

  2024-04-01

  

  Introduction The first use of the term “autophagy” by a French physiologist, M. Anselmier, in a short article describing the effects of fasting in mice published in 1859, took place almost a century before Christian De Duve described it from a mechanistic point of view in a symposium on lysosomes i

• IC values were obtained for an expanded

  2024-04-01

  

  IC50 values were obtained for an expanded version of the fragment library using the previously described mobility shift assay. Subsequently, Ki values were estimated from IC50 values to allow better comparison of the activity against targets which were measured at different substrate concentrations

• Preliminary results of studies sponsored by the manufacturer

  2024-04-01

  

  Preliminary results of studies sponsored by the manufacturer of ETC-1002 have also shown positive results for monotherapy in statin-intolerant patients and for the combined use of the ACL inhibitor plus other cholesterol-reducing agents. In patients with a documented history of intolerance to statin

• IGF is an anabolic growth factor that induces hypertrophy an

  2024-04-01

  

  IGF1 is an anabolic growth factor that induces hypertrophy and blocks atrophy in skeletal muscle by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway (Egerman and Glass, 2014). In addition to its anabolic and anti-catabolic effects, IGF1 stimulates fatty AZD 8055 synthesis (FA) uptake and glucose metabolism (Cle

• The surprising finding of our study is that

  2024-04-01

  

  The surprising finding of our study is that human M1 macrophages stimulated by LPS express ALOX15B to high levels. So far 12/15-lipoxygenase activity was only reported for IL-4 stimulated anti-phlogistic M2 macrophages [9] but not for the classically activated M1 macrophages. Our data suggest that s

• br Experimental and simulation section br Acknowledgments Fi

  2024-04-01

  

  Experimental and simulation section Acknowledgments Financial support for this work was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81101688). We would like to thank NC State University High Performance Computing Center for providing us computing resources, and Dr. Lihui

• Although only Leu CysAP IRAP Herbest et al Keller

  2024-03-30

  

  Although only Leu/CysAP (IRAP) (Herbest et al., 1997, Keller, 2004) and DPPIV (Alponti and Silveira, 2010, Kirino et al., 2009) had been identified and studied in adipocytes, our kinetic analysis suggested the highest physiological significance for AspAP (highest affinity) and APM and PSA (highest e

• br Role of AMPK in inflammation signaling

  2024-03-29

  

  Role of AMPK in inflammation signaling Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), activate Ikβ kinase (IKKβ), which phosphorylates IκBα, triggering the degradation of proteasomal IκB. This liberates active nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) to translocate i

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